1) Initiation
In this first stage, the scope of the project is defined along with the approach to be taken to deliver the desired outputs. The project manager is appointed and in turn, he selects the team members based on their skills and experience. The most common tools or methodologies used in the initiation stage are Project Charter, Business Plan, Project Framework (or Overview), Business Case Justification, and Milestones Reviews.
2) Planning
The second phase should include a detailed identification and assignment of each task until the end of the project. It should also include a risk analysis and a definition of a criteria for the successful completion of each deliverable. The governance process is defined, stake holders identified and reporting frequency and channels agreed. The most common tools or methodologies used in the planning stage are Business Plan and Milestones Reviews.
3) Execution and controlling
The most important issue in this phase is to ensure project activities are properly executed and controlled. During the execution phase, the planned solution is implemented to solve the problem specified in the project's requirements. In product and system development, a design resulting in a specific set of product requirements is created. This convergence is measured by prototypes, testing, and reviews. As the execution phase progresses, groups across the organization become more deeply involved in planning for the final testing, production, and support. The most common tools or methodologies used in the execution phase are an update of Risk Analysis and Score Cards, in addition to Business Plan and Milestones Reviews.
4) Closure
In this last stage, the project manager must ensure that the project is brought to its proper completion. The closure phase is characterized by a written formal project review report containing the following components: a formal acceptance of the final product by the client, Weighted Critical Measurements (matching the initial requirements specified by the client with the final delivered product), rewarding the team, a list of lessons learned, releasing project resources, and a formal project closure notification to higher management. No special tool or methodology is needed during the closure phase.
Project Management: The application of knowledge, tools and techniques to project activities
“ PLOC ”
P=Plan
L=Lead
O=Organize
C=Control
2 Important aspects
- - Stakeholder
- - Framework
Stakeholder
- - Project Manager
- - Project Owner
- - Customer
- - Project Team
PM Framework
Triple Constrain
Differences
Project | Operation |
Unique | Static |
Temporary | Continuous |
Have project owner | Anyone can do |
Progressive elaboration | No start and end date |
Have Resource | |
Have start and end date | |
Summary- Team
A team is a group organized to work together to accomplish a set of objectives that cannot be achieved effectively by individuals.
Characteristics of a Team
-Awareness of unity
-Interpersonal relationship
-Ability to act together toward a common goal.
Ten characteristics of well-functioning teams:
1. Purpose
2. Priorities
3. Roles
4. Decisions
5. Conflict
6. Personal traits
7. Norms
8. Effectiveness
9. Success
10. Training
Three (3) Types of teams:
Types | Executive Model | District Model | Community Model |
Number | 3-8 | 15-20 | 25-30 |
Involve | All district managers Except constituent or stakeholder | Reperesentatives form each key stakeholder group within the 'boundries' of district staff | Mix of district staff and community leaders (50:50 preferred) |
Advantages | quick, focused, consensus among leaders | key representatives are involved, sense of district-wide ownership | key district community leaders involved, sense of community-wide ownership |
Disadvantages | isolated, no district-side ownership | representatives can take the narrow view, no community-side ownership | slow process, everyone needs to be heard, steep learning curve as citizens become knowledgeable about issues and practices |
Firstly, Integration Management describes about how to manage all the project’s elements and it consist of planning on development, execution and change control. Second, Scope Management describes about work required for the project to success and consists of initiation, scope of planning and definition, verification, and change control. Third, Time Management describes time taken for the project to complete and consists of activity definition, activity sequencing, activity duration estimating, schedule development and schedule control. Fourth, Cost Management describes about completed within the approved budget and consists of resource planning, cost estimating, cost budgeting and cost control. Fifth, Quality Management describes about satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken and consists of quality planning, quality assurance, and quality control. Sixth, Human Resource Management describes about effective use of the people involved with the project and consists of organizational planning, staff acquisition, and team development. Seventh, Communications Management describes the processes required to ensure timely and appropriate generation, collection, dissemination, storage, and ultimate disposition of project information. It consists of communications planning, information distribution, performance reporting, and administrative closure. Eighth, Risk Management describes about identifying analysing, and responding to project risk. It consists of risk of identification, quantification, response development, and response control. Ninth, Procurement Management describes about acquiring goods and services from outside the performing organization. It consists of procurement planning, solicitation planning, solicitation, source selection, contract administration, and contract closeout.
The Menara Alor Setar is a 165.5 meter tall tower in Alor Setar, in the state of Kedah, Malaysia. It was built for Telekom Malaysia at a cost of RM40 million.
Apart from serving the role of a telecommunication tower, it also caters as a tourist destination for the town. The tower also houses some restaurants and a souvenir shop. The tower is an observatory tower to look for the crescent moon to mark the beginning of Muslim months such as Ramadhan, Shawwal, and Zulhijjah, to celebrate Ramadhan, Hari Raya Aidilfitri and Hari Raya Aidiladha, respectively.The observation deck is at a height of 88 meters from the base of the structure.
Menara Alor Setar Alor Setar Tower | |
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General information | |
Location | Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia |
Status | Complete |
Constructed | 1995-1998 |
Use | Telecommunication, mixed used |
Height | |
Antenna or spire | 165.5 m |
Roof | m |
Technical details | |
Floor count | 4 |
Elevators | 2 |
Berjaya Times Square KL is a twin tower complex containing a shopping centre and two five star hotels located in Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia. It was opened in October 2003 by the then Prime Minister of Malaysia, YAB Datuk Seri Dr Mahathir bin Mohamad. Both towers are 203 metres (666 ft) tall, with 48 floors.
It is currently the fifth largest building in the world and has also been tagged as the "world's largest building ever built in a single phase", with 7.5 million square feet (700,000 m²) of built up floor area. It offers shopping, luxury accommodation, business, food and entertainment. Currently, it has space for more than 1,000 retail shops, 1,200 luxury service suites, 65 food outlets to suit many tastes and entertainment attractions such as Asia's largest indoor theme park, Cosmo's World and Malaysia's first-ever IMAX 2D & 3D theatre which is located on the 10th Floor. In April 2005, Borders Group opened its first franchise store here whish is currently the largest Borders store in the world.The Kuala Lumpur Monorail's Imbi station is linked to the building by a footbridge.
Location | Imbi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
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Opening date | October 2003 |
Developer | Berjaya Group |
Management | Berjaya Group |
Owner | Berjaya Group |
No. of stores and services | 1,000+ |
No. of anchor tenants | 3, Cold Storage, Borders Group and Golden Screen Cinemas) |
Total retail floor area | 700,000 m² |
No. of floors | 13 (mall area) |